Oil-burning forge



C. C. HANSEN.

OIL BURNING FORGE.

APPLICATION men JULY 23. 1920.

Patented Dec. 7, 1920.

w AT'II'O NEY UNITED STATES CHARLES C. HANSEN, OF EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO INGERSOLL RA'ND.

PATENT OFFICE.

COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

OIL-BURNING FORGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. *7, 1920.

Application filed July 23, 1920. Serial No. 398,373.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES C. HANsEN, a citizen of the United States, resident of Easton, in the county of Northampton and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burning Forges, of which the following is a spec1- fication.

This invention relates to oil burning forges for heating drill steels or similar articles, but more particularly to a type of forge like that disclosed in United States Patent No. 1,078,154, granted November 11, 1913, to J. George Leyner. v

The primary objects of the present invention are to enable the forge to be constructed with a renewable lining composed of blocks of refractory material to form the combustion chamber, and to construct the blocks so that the combustion chamber will have a conformation adapted to divide the flame vertically and cause the flame portions to travel in ascending spirals for heating the articles to be forged. By this means the heat is evenly distributed throughout sub stantially the whole chamber and time is afforded for substantially complete combustion of the fuel, thus adding greatly to the efficiency of the forge.

Although the forge disclosed in this application is primarily designed for burning oil, the invention could be adapted for use with substantially any kind of fuel which can be projected through a nozzle whether liquid or solid and it is to be understood that the drawings are illustrative only and show one preferred form of forge. V

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken through the forge on the line 11 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic perspective view of the refractory lining blocks showing their relation to each other as they are assembled, one end block being omitted and the front lining block being removed.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the forge with the cover removed and the casing in horizontal section.

Referring to the drawings, the forge may be mounted on a suitable column A and preferably comprises a metallic casing B having a fuel aperture C in the lower portion of the front wall D for the introduction of combustible fuel under'pressure through a suitable nozzle E. The oil or fuel enters the inlet pipe F controlled by the valve G and air under pressure enters the pipe Hcontrolled by the valve J as usual in fuel nozzles of this type.

A horizontally extending elongated aperture K is provided above the fuel aperture C and between the cover K and the front wall of the casing for the insertion of a plurality of drill steels L or other articles to be forged. A similar aperture P is provided between the back wall 0 of-the casing and the cover K as shown for the escape of products of combustion.

The front lining portion of the casing may comprise one or more refractory blocks Q having a lower aperture R registering with the aperture C and an upper aperture S opposite the aperture K. The base may be formed of two blocks T and U of refractory material having raised portions V and W beveled at X and Y at their meeting ends. A

The lower lining, block a at the back as shown is wedge shaped, the point of the wedge lying vertically and this block fits the beveled portions X and Y of the raised portions V and W of the bottom or bed blocks T and U and lies opposite the nozzle E. Lining blocks 7) and 0 complete the lower tier at the back of the combustion chamber.

The second tier at the back of the chamber is built up with the central block d having beveled corners e to conform to the shape of the top of the block a, and the additional blocks f and 5/ having beveled portions h and 7', so that when the back blocks a, b, c, d, f and g are assembled, undercut or raised portions are formed in the back wall of the com bustion chamber at each side of the center.

The end blocks 70 and 0 which form the vertical ends of the combustion chamber are hollowed or recessed at p and g at their inner faces and are preferably beveled at their sides r and s to fit the beveled ends t and u of the upper back blocks f and g, and the beveled ends 3 and 4 of the lower back blocks 12 and c and also to fit the beveled ends 12 and w of the front lining block Q in order hold the front and back lining blocks in place and form tight joints. The ends as and 3/ of the upper central back block 03 are also preferably beveled to conform to the beveled ends a and 2 of the back blocks 7 end blocks is and 0 and when the cover block 5 of refractory material is placed on top of the blocks 7v, spaces S and S are left at front and back of the forge lining opposite the spaces K and P respectively. The drill steels L are inserted through the aperture K and through the space S in the lining, while the products of combustion escape through the space S in the lining and through the aperture P at the back. Some of the products of combustion may escape at the front of the forge and a screen (not shown) is usually provided at the front to protect the workman from the heat and escaping products of combustion.

In the operation of the forge, let it be assumed that the flame is directed against the back block as along the line of the arrows 6 in Fig. 2. The remaining arrows indicate that the flame is split or divided at the central wedge shaped portion of the lower back block a and ascends in double spirals through the recessed portions at each side of the combustion chamber in order to heat the drill steels. The arrows are also indicated diagrammatically to some extent in Fig. 1 and also in Fig. 3.

One advantage of this construction resides in the fact that theflame from one centrally located burner is distributed equally and evenly over a wide surface for the purpose of evenly heating drill steels regardless of the place they occupy in the forge. An advantage over the eyner forge shown in Patent No. 1,078,154 is the ability to heat more steels at one time because of the longer opening provided'at the front of the forge which is made possible by this particular lining block construction. Furthermore the blocks are simple in construction and easily assembled.

I claim:

1. An oil burning forge, comprising a casing having a renewable lining composed of blocks of refractory material, the lower central block being wedge shaped and projecting toward the fuel inlet of the forge in order to divide the flame vertically, the conformation-of the chamber'being adapted to cause the portions of the divided flame to ascend at both sides of the said central block in double spirals for heating the articles to be forged, thereby distributing the heat substantially throughout the whole chamber and retarding the flame to afford substantially complete combustion.

2. An oil burning forge, comprising a casing having a fuel aperture in the lower portion of its front wall for the introduction of combustible fuel under pressure, another horizontal elongated aperture above the fuel aperture for the insertion of a plurality of articles to be forged, a waste gas aperture at the back of the structure for the escape of products of combustion, and a renewable lining for said casing composed of blocks of refractory material forming a combustion chamber having a conformation adapted to divide the flame vertically, and cause the portions to travel in double ascending spirals for heating the articles to be forged, whereby time is afforded for more complete combustion and the heat is distributed throughout substantially the whole chamber.

3. In an oil burning forge, a casing and a renewable lining composed of blocks of refractory material, the lower central block at the back being wedge shaped in order to divide the flame vertically, and the remaining back blocks forming concavities, thereby distributing the heat and causing the divided portions of the flame to ascend in spiral form for heating the article to be forged.

In an oil burning forge, a casing and a renewable lining composed of blocks of refractory material, the lower central block at the back being wedge shaped in order to divide the flame vertically, and the remainthe divided portions of the flame to ascend in spiral form for heating the articles to be forged.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

CHARLES C. HANSEN. 

